Tuesday, March 26, 2013

Location 2: Public Art


                                                                              urban archives

The statue of William Penn is an iconic symbol to the people of the city of Philadelphia. It has been that way since its beginning in the courtyard at City Hall in 1893. The sculpture was designed by Alexander Milne Calder who also had designed most of the other sculptures on City Hall. The 37-foot statue was designed in honor of the great founder of Pennsylvania and planner of Philadelphia. The statue was placed atop of city hall in 1894 and no building was built higher than the brim of Penn’s hat until 1987 when One Liberty Place was built three blocks away. The erection of the first skyscraper in Philadelphia ended an informal gentlemen’s agreement which limited the height of buildings in the city for many years. The bronze statue was never individually criticized, but the building it stood atop was. The city discussed demolishing city hall in the 1950s because of its old and outdated look. It was then realized that it would cost the city too much money since they would have to take the building apart by sections. Controversy struck way before then when Calder wanted the 27-ton piece to face the south once placed atop city hall. Unfortunately for Calder, the city demanded the statue face northeast, which ultimately angers him.

                                                                             urban archives

From my personal experience with non-Philadelphians, I feel that people know who William Penn was but the statue atop city hall is not easily recognizable. The statue is depicted many times in the film Law Abiding Citizen by Gary Gray. He seems to use city hall as a symbol of justice in the film which most people do not understand. Outsiders watching the film do not get a clear idea of what city hall and the sculpture resembles. The people of Philadelphia view this piece as a symbol of the city and the skyline. Most know him as “Billy Penn” and almost all know of a certain curse that people claim he had put on the city. Once the “gentlemen’s agreement” was broken in the 1980’s the four major sports teams in the city were unable to win a championship. The last team to win a title was the 1983 76ers and it took 25 years until the Phillies won the World Series in 2008. The curse was believed to be alive and well since Penn was no longer the highest in the city after 1986. The 25-year drought had many people believe in the curse. The year the Phillies won (2008), a smaller version of the statue was placed atop the Comcast building which is the tallest in the city today. The city even placed a Flyers jersey on the statue during the 1997 Stanley Cup finals only to fail as they were swept by the Detroit Red Wings.



I would destroy this piece unless the city would decide to move the statue to reclaim it as the highest point in the city of brotherly love. Although the sculpture is a popular piece of art in Philadelphia, I would also destroy this piece because of the manner in which the city took in disobeying Calder’s request for the direction the statue would face. The city broke two informal requests against a piece of art that represents a lot to Philadelphians. Most are aware of the curse of Billy Penn but many are not aware of Calder’s request that was ultimately ignored by the city. I think if more people knew about the denial of his own piece of art they would give solace to him. If I were to make something to be extremely proud of and someone went against my requests I would definitely feel insulted. Calder did not attend the raising of the statue in 1894 which shows how angry and upset he really was and I feel sorry for him along with the people responsible for ignoring his inquiry. My message would by symbolic for Philadelphia sports fans and for Calder. 

                                                                                       urban archives

William Penn is a big part of the development of such an iconic city for the United States of America. The statue is known as the largest to be on top of any building in the world. Residents of the Delaware Valley would love to see the piece overlook the entire city from atop the Comcast building or another skyscraper that may be built in the future. Having the sculpture face to the south would also be symbolic for Calder’s legacy. We would not have to worry about any sports curse whether it is in the hands of William Penn or Alexander Milne Calder. As a result of the city’s lack of respect for two Philadelphia innovators, I believe in the curse that may live on until the city shows their full gratitude.